Computer Science

Sorting Algorithms

• Quicksort
• Merge sort
• Counting sort
• Radix sort

Strings/Sequences

• Linear search
• Binary search
• Naive string matching
• Knuth-Morris-Pratt algorithm

Linear Data Structures

• Linked lists
• Array
• Stack
• Queue
• Dynamically-sized arrays

Non-Linear Data Structures

• Binary tree
• Binary search tree
• Binary heap
• Interval tree
• Segment tree
• Binary-indexed tree
• Trie
• Hash table
• Suffix arrays and suffix tree

Graphs

• Graph representation
• Breadth-first search
• Depth-first search
• Dijkstra's algorithm

Number-Theoretic Algorithms

• Greatest common divisor
• Primality testing

Sources

• “List of data structures” on Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_data_structures.
• Introduction to Algorithms by Cormen et al (2022).